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Examples with Makie

Plotting in Makie¤

Plotting in Makie works somewhat differently than Plots, since the recipe system is different. You can pass a 2-D raster to any surface-like function (heatmap, contour, contourf, or even surface for a 3D plot) with ease.

2-D rasters in Makie¤

using CairoMakie, Makie
using Rasters, RasterDataSources, ArchGDAL
A = Raster(WorldClim{BioClim}, 5) # this is a 3D raster, so is not accepted.

fig = Figure();
plot(fig[1, 1], A)
contour(fig[1, 2], A)
ax = Axis(fig[2, 1]; aspect = DataAspect())
contourf!(ax, A)

MakieCore.Plot{Makie.contourf, Tuple{Vector{Float32}, Vector{Float32}, Matrix{Float32}}}

TODO: broken in DimensionalData.jl surface(fig[2, 2], A)

fig

3-D rasters in Makie¤

Warning

This interface is experimental, and unexported for that reason. It may break at any time!

Just as in Plots, 3D rasters are treated as a series of 2D rasters, which are tiled and plotted.

You can use Rasters.rplot to visualize 3D rasters or RasterStacks in this way. An example is below:

stack = RasterStack(WorldClim{Climate}; month = 1)
Rasters.rplot(stack; Axis = (aspect = DataAspect(),),)

You can pass any theming keywords in, which are interpreted by Makie appropriately.

The plots seem a little squished here. We provide a Makie theme which makes text a little smaller and has some other space-efficient attributes:

Makie.set_theme!(Rasters.theme_rasters())
Rasters.rplot(stack)

reset theme

Makie.set_theme!()

Plotting with Observables, animations¤

Rasters.rplot should support Observable input out of the box, but the dimensions of that input must remain the same - i.e., the element names of a RasterStack must remain the same.

Makie.set_theme!(Rasters.theme_rasters())

stack is the WorldClim climate data for January

stack_obs = Observable(stack)
fig = Rasters.rplot(stack_obs;
    Colorbar=(; height=Relative(0.75), width=5)
)
record(fig, "rplot.mp4", 1:12; framerate = 3) do i
    stack_obs[] = RasterStack(WorldClim{Climate}; month = i)
end

"rplot.mp4"


Makie.set_theme!() # reset theme

# Rasters.rplot — Function.

Rasters.rplot([position::GridPosition], raster; kw...)

raster may be a Raster (of 2 or 3 dimensions) or a RasterStack whose underlying rasters are 2 dimensional, or 3-dimensional with a singleton (length-1) third dimension.

Keywords

  • plottype = Makie.Heatmap: The type of plot. Can be any Makie plot type which accepts a Raster; in practice, Heatmap, Contour, Contourf and Surface are the best bets.
  • axistype = Makie.Axis: The type of axis. This can be an Axis, Axis3, LScene, or even a GeoAxis from GeoMakie.jl.
  • X = XDim: The X dimension of the raster.
  • Y = YDim: The Y dimension of the raster.
  • Z = YDim: The Y dimension of the raster.
  • draw_colorbar = true: Whether to draw a colorbar for the axis or not.
  • colorbar_position = Makie.Right(): Indicates which side of the axis the colorbar should be placed on. Can be Makie.Top(), Makie.Bottom(), Makie.Left(), or Makie.Right().
  • colorbar_padding = Makie.automatic: The amound of padding between the colorbar and its axis. If automatic, then this is set to the width of the colorbar.
  • title = Makie.automatic: The titles of each plot. If automatic, these are set to the name of the band.
  • xlabel = Makie.automatic: The x-label for the axis. If automatic, set to the dimension name of the X-dimension of the raster.
  • ylabel = Makie.automatic: The y-label for the axis. If automatic, set to the dimension name of the Y-dimension of the raster.
  • colorbarlabel = "": Usually nothing, but here if you need it. Sets the label on the colorbar.
  • colormap = nothing: The colormap for the heatmap. This can be set to a vector of colormaps (symbols, strings, cgrads) if plotting a 3D raster or RasterStack.
  • colorrange = Makie.automatic: The colormap for the heatmap. This can be set to a vector of (low, high) if plotting a 3D raster or RasterStack.
  • nan_color = :transparent: The color which NaN values should take. Default to transparent.

source

Using vanilla Makie¤

using Rasters, RasterDataSources

The data

layers = (:evenness, :range, :contrast, :correlation)
st = RasterStack(EarthEnv{HabitatHeterogeneity}, layers)
ausbounds = X(100 .. 160), Y(-50 .. -10) # Roughly cut out australia
aus = st[ausbounds...] |> Rasters.trim

╭─────────────────────╮
│ 194×161 RasterStack │
├─────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────── dims ┐
  ↓ X Projected{Float64} LinRange{Float64}(113.33333333333336, 153.54166666666666, 194) ForwardOrdered Regular Intervals{Start},
  → Y Projected{Float64} LinRange{Float64}(-10.20833333333334, -43.54166666666667, 161) ReverseOrdered Regular Intervals{Start}
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── layers ┤
  :evenness    eltype: UInt16 dims: X, Y size: 194×161
  :range       eltype: UInt16 dims: X, Y size: 194×161
  :contrast    eltype: UInt32 dims: X, Y size: 194×161
  :correlation eltype: UInt16 dims: X, Y size: 194×161
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── raster ┤
  extent: Extent(X = (113.33333333333336, 153.75), Y = (-43.54166666666667, -10.000000000000005))
  missingval: (evenness = 0xffff, range = 0xffff, contrast = 0xffffffff, correlation = 0xffff)
  crs: GEOGCS["WGS 84",DATUM["WGS_1984",SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],AXIS["Latitude",NORTH],AXIS["Longitude",EAST],AUTHORITY["EPSG","4326"]]
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

The plot colorbar attributes

colormap = :batlow
flipaxis = false
tickalign=1
width = 13
ticksize = 13

13

figure

with_theme(theme_ggplot2()) do
    fig = Figure(resolution=(800, 600))
    axs = [Axis(fig[i,j], xlabel = "lon", ylabel = "lat") for i in 1:2 for j in 1:2]
    plt = [Makie.heatmap!(axs[i], aus[l]; colormap) for (i, l) in enumerate(layers)]
    for (i, l) in enumerate(layers) axs[i].title = string(l) end
    hidexdecorations!.(axs[1:2]; grid=false, ticks=false)
    hideydecorations!.(axs[[2,4]]; grid=false, ticks=false)
    Colorbar(fig[1, 0], plt[1]; flipaxis, tickalign, width, ticksize)
    Colorbar(fig[1, 3], plt[2]; tickalign, width, ticksize)
    Colorbar(fig[2, 0], plt[3]; flipaxis, tickalign, width, ticksize)
    Colorbar(fig[2, 3], plt[4]; tickalign, width, ticksize)
    colgap!(fig.layout, 5)
    rowgap!(fig.layout, 5)
    Label(fig[0, :], "RasterStack of EarthEnv HabitatHeterogeneity layers, trimmed to Australia")
    fig
end
save("aus_trim.png", current_figure());

aus_trim

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